geosphere, definition of

The soils, sediments, and rock layers of the Earth's crust, both continental and beneath the ocean floors.

• Study: plate tectonics modulates volcanic activity, which in turn modulates climate forcings
  From Rice University comes this study that tries to equate an analog circuit component onto a climate forcing component. It is an interesting approach. The idea that plate tectonics serves to modulate episodic volcanic activity also makes sense. Volcano...